It was suggested that the concomitant of the independence in ground states and the interactions in excited states were ascribed to the synergetic enhancement and complementary effects uniform in the same composite photoreceptors 两种材料在复合体系中既相互独立从而发挥各自的功能，又在激发态下发生相互作用从而产生敏化作用，是复合体系光导性能互补效应和协同增强效应的本质因素。
Because of the difficulty to calculate the wave function and transitive matrix element in high excited state , chaotic character of wave function is known a little . now many pay attention to the scar of wave function ; ( 3 ) the time evolutionary character of nonstationary state eigenfuction 由于计算高激发态波函数以及跃迁矩阵元的困难，人们对经典混沌给波函数带来的特征的研究工作还很少，目前研究最多的是关于波函数的疤痕。
In the course of scattering with the same energy , the excited probabilities of lower exciting states are far off bigger than ones of higher exciting states . all in all , the adapted ms potential has advantages of concision form , less adjustable parameters , convenient for applicant 当体系能量一定时，不管是微分散射截面还是分波散射截面，弹性散射的几率大，对总的散射截面贡献最大；非弹性散射的几率小，对总的散射截面的贡献也小。
With analogizing the evolution process of atomic transition from excited states to ground state , we proposed a novel non - linear optimization algorithm for geophysical inverse problem , called as simulated atomic transition algorithm ( sata ) 在此基础上，模拟了物理学中原子从激发态向基态跃迁的物理过程，建立了一种与原子跃迁过程相对应的非线性随机跃迁数学模型和模型解跃迁搜索准则，导出了适用于一般地球物理资料的模拟原子跃迁的非线性反演算法。
Those investigations have improved one ' s understanding of the structure , formation conditions , reaction mechanisms , and excitation modes of halo nuclei . inl990 ' s it was predicted that besides the ground state of the light nuclei near the drip line , the high isospin excited states may also have halo structure 除滴线附近轻核的基态外，九十年代有人预言稳定核的高同位旋激发态也可能具有晕结构， ~ ( 13 ) c第一激发态和~ 6li第二激发态被列为首选的研究对象。
Meanwhile , the ancs are 1 . 16 + 0 . 10 fin - 1 / 2 , 1 . 34 + 0 . 12 fm - 1 / 2 and 0 . 94 + 0 . 08 fm - 1 / 2 ; rms radii are 3 . 16 + 0 . 32 fm , 4 . 01 + 0 . 61 fin and 5 . 64 + 0 . 90 fin ; and the probabilities of valence neutrons outside the potentials are 19 . 9 % , 53 . 6 % and 66 . 8 % for the ground state , the second and third excited states of 12b , respectively 2 。结果证实13c的第一激发态为单中子晕核态，首次从实验上证实在b稳定线上存在激发的晕核态。同时得到12b基态、第二和第三激发态anc系数分别为1
This study introduces the energy consistent method ( ecm ) , the ecm potential function , and the new formulae of vibrational force constants which are proposed by weiguo sun and hao feng [ 45 , 46 ] recently . the ecm is applied to study the diatomic potential functions for some electronic ground states and excited states of gif , ch , bh , xeo , laf , 7lid , na7li , narb and krb molecules . the ecm potentials are compared with the experimental based rkr ( rydberg - klein - rees ) potentials , ipa ( inverted - perturbation - approach ) potentials , analytical morse potentials , and hms ( huxley - murrell - sorbie ) potentials 本文详细地介绍了孙卫国和冯灏运用二阶微扰理论所导出的高阶振动力常数的求解公式、能量自洽法( energyconsistentmethod - ecm ) 、 ecm势能函数的定义以及用能量自洽法计算稳定双原子分子体系势能函数的具体步骤，并将ecm方法推广应用于cif 、 ch 、 bh 、 xeo 、 laf 、 ~ 7lid 、 na ~ 7li 、 narb和krb等九种异核双原子分子的十二个电子基态和激发态的势能函数。
We obtained the system energy and binding energy of ground and some low - lying excited states by solving the equation hnm - e = 0 . different from the variational method ' s result closely depending on the form of the trial wave function , our result has high accuracy as long as the matrix we used is big enough 与变分法的结果对选取的变分波函数依赖性很大不同，从理论上来沁j北师他人学矾卜毕业论义陈红叶说，只要我们的矩阵展开的足够大，我们的结果就能保证足够高的计算精度。
Using different combinations of the nucleon density distributions of the ground state of 6he and the second excited state of 6li with and without the halo , we have calculated the microscopic optical potentials of the input and output channels , and , with these potentials , calculated the angular distribution of the " h ( he , li ) n reaction populating the second excited states of 6li by using a dwba code 我们用假定的~ 6he基态和~ 6li第二激发态有晕和无晕的各种核子密度分布的组合分别计算了入射道和出射道的微观光学势并将其输入通用的dwba核反应程序计算了~ 1h ( ~ 6he , ~ 6li ) n反应布居~ 6li第二激发态的角分布。
